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Bar (UK: ; US: ), officially the City of Bar ((ウクライナ語:Бар); (ポーランド語:Bar)) is a town located on the Rov River in the Vinnytsia Oblast (province) of central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Bar Raion (district), and is part of the historic region of Podolia. The population is people. ==History== The city was a small trade outpost named the Row from the 13th to 15th centuries, and it was described as the Rov for the first time in 1401 (from other information sources in 1425). Therefore, the city is 600 years old, and it celebrated the 600 years foundation anniversary in 2001. In the 16th century the Polish Queen Bona Sforza founded a fortress on the rocky outcrop above the river and named it Bar in 1537, after her hometown of Bari in Italy. In 1540 the Polish King Sigismund I the Old granted the nearby town city rights. The fortress was besieged several times in its history and resisted all assaults. But during the Khmelnytsky Uprising of 1648 it was captured by the Cossacks led by Maxym Kryvonis and severely damaged. The town was depopulated soon afterwards. In 1672 the Town of Bar was captured by the Ottoman Empire and became a seat of the local administration. On November 12, 1674, the town and the fortress were recaptured by the forces of John III of Poland after four days of siege. But the Ottomans recaptured the city in 1675 and retained it until 1686 (nominally until 1699). It was constantly ravaged by Turks and Poles in turn between 1686 and 1699. On February 29, 1768, the Bar Confederation was started in the fortress. After the Second Partition of Poland, the town fell under Russian Empire rule and was part of Podolia Governorate. After 1922, the Town of Bar was part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since 1991, following the fall of the Soviet Union, it has been part of independent Ukraine. The Town of Bar was comprehensively described in the MSc thesis by Mikhail Grushevsky: ''Bar Community: Historical Outlines in the 15th to 18th centuries''. The international conference on the Town of Bar history will be held in Bar on September 26, 2014,.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=page=145&news=419 )〕 There is the Mikhail Grushevsky monument in Bar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bar, Vinnytsia Oblast」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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